Flask Training , study and exam guide
1 Introduction to Flask
1.1 What is Flask?
1.2 History and Evolution of Flask
1.3 Flask vs Django
1.4 Setting Up the Development Environment
2 Flask Basics
2.1 Installing Flask
2.2 Creating Your First Flask Application
2.3 Understanding the Flask Application Structure
2.4 Routing in Flask
2.5 Variable Rules in Routing
2.6 HTTP Methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
3 Templates and Static Files
3.1 Introduction to Jinja2 Templates
3.2 Rendering Templates
3.3 Template Inheritance
3.4 Static Files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
3.5 Using Bootstrap with Flask
4 Forms and User Input
4.1 Introduction to Flask-WTF
4.2 Creating Forms with Flask-WTF
4.3 Validating User Input
4.4 Handling File Uploads
4.5 Flash Messages
5 Databases with Flask
5.1 Introduction to SQLAlchemy
5.2 Setting Up a Database
5.3 Defining Models
5.4 CRUD Operations with SQLAlchemy
5.5 Relationships in SQLAlchemy
5.6 Migrations with Flask-Migrate
6 Authentication and Authorization
6.1 Introduction to Flask-Login
6.2 User Authentication
6.3 Protecting Routes with Login Required
6.4 User Roles and Permissions
6.5 Password Hashing with Werkzeug
7 RESTful APIs with Flask
7.1 Introduction to RESTful APIs
7.2 Creating a RESTful API with Flask
7.3 Serializing and Deserializing Data
7.4 Handling API Errors
7.5 Authentication for APIs
8 Testing Flask Applications
8.1 Introduction to Unit Testing
8.2 Writing Tests with Flask-Testing
8.3 Testing Routes and Views
8.4 Testing Database Interactions
8.5 Continuous Integration with Flask
9 Deployment and Scaling
9.1 Introduction to Deployment
9.2 Deploying Flask Applications on Heroku
9.3 Deploying Flask Applications on AWS
9.4 Scaling Flask Applications
9.5 Load Balancing and Caching
10 Advanced Topics
10.1 Background Tasks with Celery
10.2 WebSockets with Flask-SocketIO
10.3 Internationalization and Localization
10.4 Custom Error Pages
10.5 Extending Flask with Blueprints
11 Exam Preparation
11.1 Review of Key Concepts
11.2 Practice Questions
11.3 Mock Exams
11.4 Tips for the Exam Day
Using Bootstrap with Flask

Using Bootstrap with Flask

Key Concepts

Integrating Bootstrap with Flask

Bootstrap is a popular CSS framework that provides pre-designed components and styles to help build responsive and mobile-first websites. To use Bootstrap with Flask, you need to include Bootstrap's CSS and JavaScript files in your Flask application.

You can include Bootstrap by linking to its CDN in your HTML templates. Here's how you can do it:

<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
    

This will make Bootstrap's styles and scripts available in your Flask application.

Using Bootstrap Components

Bootstrap provides a variety of pre-designed components like navigation bars, buttons, forms, and modals. These components can be easily integrated into your Flask templates.

For example, to create a navigation bar using Bootstrap, you can use the following HTML:

<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
    <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Flask Training</a>
    <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
        <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
    </button>
    <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
        <ul class="navbar-nav">
            <li class="nav-item active">
                <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home</a>
            </li>
            <li class="nav-item">
                <a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
            </li>
            <li class="nav-item">
                <a class="nav-link" href="#">Contact</a>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</nav>
    

This code snippet creates a responsive navigation bar that collapses into a toggleable menu on smaller screens.

Customizing Bootstrap Styles

While Bootstrap provides a lot of pre-designed styles, you might want to customize them to match your application's branding. You can override Bootstrap's default styles by adding your custom CSS.

First, create a custom CSS file in your Flask application's static directory, for example, static/custom.css. Then, link this custom CSS file in your HTML templates after the Bootstrap CSS:

<link href="{{ url_for('static', filename='custom.css') }}" rel="stylesheet">
    

In your custom CSS file, you can override Bootstrap's styles. For example, to change the color of all buttons to green, you can add the following CSS:

.btn-primary {
    background-color: green;
    border-color: green;
}
    

This will change the background color of all primary buttons to green, while keeping the rest of Bootstrap's styles intact.