Design Data Auditing Strategies
Key Concepts
- Data Access Logging
- Change Tracking
- Compliance and Regulatory Auditing
Data Access Logging
Data access logging involves recording every instance of data access, including who accessed the data, when it was accessed, and what actions were performed. This helps in tracking data usage and detecting unauthorized access attempts. Azure provides tools like Azure Monitor and Azure SQL Database Auditing for comprehensive data access logging.
Example: A financial institution might log every access to customer transaction data. If a user attempts to access data outside their usual scope, an alert can be triggered for further investigation, ensuring data security and compliance.
Change Tracking
Change tracking involves monitoring and recording changes made to data over time. This includes tracking modifications, deletions, and additions to data records. Change tracking helps in understanding the evolution of data and identifying any unauthorized or suspicious changes. Azure SQL Database provides built-in change tracking features.
Example: In a healthcare system, change tracking can log modifications to patient records. If a change is made to a patient's medical history, the system can record who made the change, when it was made, and what the change was, ensuring accountability and data integrity.
Compliance and Regulatory Auditing
Compliance and regulatory auditing involve ensuring that data handling practices meet industry standards and legal requirements. This includes regular audits to verify that data is being managed according to regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or SOX. Azure provides features like Azure Policy and Azure Security Center to help organizations meet compliance requirements.
Example: A multinational corporation might conduct quarterly audits to ensure that their data handling practices comply with GDPR. Azure Policy can be used to enforce data residency rules, ensuring that personal data is stored and processed only within the EU, meeting GDPR requirements.