MikroTik Wireless Certification Exam Preparation
Preparing for the MikroTik Certified Enterprise Wireless Engineer (MTCEWE) exam requires a deep understanding of various key concepts related to wireless networking. Below, we explore ten essential concepts that are crucial for exam preparation.
1. Wireless Protocols
Wireless Protocols are the standards that govern the transmission of data over a wireless network. Understanding these protocols is fundamental for configuring and troubleshooting wireless networks.
Key Concepts:
- 802.11 Standards: These include 802.11a, b, g, n, ac, and ax, each with different frequency bands, data rates, and ranges.
- Wi-Fi Alliance Certifications: Certifications like WPA3 ensure interoperability and security of Wi-Fi devices.
Example:
Understanding the differences between 802.11n and 802.11ac helps in selecting the appropriate protocol for different network requirements, such as high-speed internet in a home versus extended range in a large office.
2. Network Design
Network Design involves planning and configuring the wireless network to meet specific performance, security, and scalability requirements.
Key Concepts:
- Coverage Area: Determining the optimal placement of access points (APs) to ensure full coverage.
- Bandwidth Requirements: Estimating the bandwidth needed for different applications and user groups.
Example:
Designing a network for a university involves placing APs in lecture halls, dormitories, and outdoor areas to ensure consistent coverage and adequate bandwidth for academic and recreational activities.
3. Security Measures
Security Measures are essential to protect wireless networks from unauthorized access and potential threats.
Key Concepts:
- Encryption Protocols: Using WPA3 or WPA2 with AES encryption to protect data in transit.
- Access Control: Implementing RADIUS authentication and MAC filtering to restrict network access.
Example:
In a corporate environment, using WPA3 encryption and RADIUS authentication ensures that only authorized employees can access the network, protecting sensitive business data.
4. Site Surveys
Site Surveys are essential for understanding the physical environment where the wireless network will be deployed, ensuring optimal performance.
Key Concepts:
- Signal Strength Measurement: Using tools to measure signal strength and quality at various points within the site.
- Interference Detection: Identifying sources of interference, such as other wireless networks or electronic devices.
Example:
Conducting a site survey in a hospital helps identify areas with weak signals or interference from medical equipment, allowing for strategic placement of APs to ensure reliable connectivity.
5. Capacity Planning
Capacity Planning ensures that the wireless network can handle the expected number of users and devices without compromising performance.
Key Concepts:
- User and Device Profiling: Estimating the number of users and devices that will be connected to the network.
- Bandwidth Requirements: Analyzing the bandwidth needs for different applications and user groups.
Example:
Planning for a large conference involves estimating the number of attendees and their bandwidth needs for video streaming, web browsing, and social media, ensuring the network can handle the load.
6. Quality of Service (QoS)
Quality of Service (QoS) ensures that critical applications receive sufficient bandwidth and priority over less critical traffic.
Key Concepts:
- Traffic Prioritization: Setting rules to prioritize traffic based on importance, such as video conferencing over file downloads.
- Bandwidth Allocation: Allocating bandwidth to different applications and user groups.
Example:
In a call center, implementing QoS ensures that VoIP calls receive priority over other traffic, maintaining clear and uninterrupted communication.
7. Wireless Backhaul
Wireless Backhaul involves using wireless links to connect remote access points to the main network, extending coverage to remote areas.
Key Concepts:
- Line of Sight (LoS): Ensuring a clear path between the transmitter and receiver to maintain signal strength.
- Redundancy: Implementing redundant wireless links to ensure network reliability.
Example:
Deploying a wireless backhaul in a rural area connects remote villages to the main network, providing internet access without the need for costly cabling infrastructure.
8. Spectrum Analysis
Spectrum Analysis helps identify and mitigate sources of interference that can degrade wireless network performance.
Key Concepts:
- Interference Detection: Identifying sources of interference, such as neighboring Wi-Fi networks or electronic devices.
- Channel Optimization: Adjusting channel settings to minimize interference and improve signal quality.
Example:
Using spectrum analysis in a densely populated urban area helps identify and mitigate interference from other wireless networks, ensuring optimal performance for your network.
9. Troubleshooting Tools
Troubleshooting Tools are essential for diagnosing and resolving issues in wireless networks.
Key Concepts:
- Wireshark: A network protocol analyzer that captures and analyzes network traffic.
- AirMagnet: A specialized tool for wireless network analysis and troubleshooting.
Example:
Using Wireshark to capture and analyze network traffic helps identify if there is excessive broadcast traffic or misconfigured devices causing network congestion.
10. MikroTik Specific Tools and Features
Understanding MikroTik specific tools and features is crucial for effectively configuring and managing MikroTik wireless devices.
Key Concepts:
- Winbox: A graphical user interface for managing MikroTik devices.
- RouterOS: The operating system used on MikroTik devices, providing various features for network management.
Example:
Using Winbox to configure and manage MikroTik access points ensures efficient network setup and troubleshooting, leveraging the powerful features of RouterOS.