Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) - Enterprise Infrastructure
1 Network Architecture and Design
1-1 Enterprise Network Design Principles
1-2 Network Segmentation and Micro-Segmentation
1-3 High Availability and Redundancy
1-4 Scalability and Performance Optimization
1-5 Network Automation and Programmability
1-6 Network Security Design
1-7 Network Management and Monitoring
2 IP Routing
2-1 IPv4 and IPv6 Addressing
2-2 Static Routing
2-3 Dynamic Routing Protocols (RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS, BGP)
2-4 Route Redistribution and Filtering
2-5 Route Summarization and Aggregation
2-6 Policy-Based Routing (PBR)
2-7 Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)
2-8 IPv6 Routing Protocols (RIPng, EIGRP for IPv6, OSPFv3, IS-IS for IPv6, BGP4+)
2-9 IPv6 Transition Mechanisms (Dual Stack, Tunneling, NAT64DNS64)
3 LAN Switching
3-1 Ethernet Technologies
3-2 VLANs and Trunking
3-3 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Variants (RSTP, MSTP)
3-4 EtherChannelLink Aggregation
3-5 Quality of Service (QoS) in LANs
3-6 Multicast in LANs
3-7 Wireless LANs (WLAN)
3-8 Network Access Control (NAC)
4 WAN Technologies
4-1 WAN Protocols and Technologies (PPP, HDLC, Frame Relay, ATM)
4-2 MPLS VPNs
4-3 VPN Technologies (IPsec, SSLTLS, DMVPN, FlexVPN)
4-4 WAN Optimization and Compression
4-5 WAN Security
4-6 Software-Defined WAN (SD-WAN)
5 Network Services
5-1 DNS and DHCP
5-2 Network Time Protocol (NTP)
5-3 Network File System (NFS) and Common Internet File System (CIFS)
5-4 Network Address Translation (NAT)
5-5 IP Multicast
5-6 Quality of Service (QoS)
5-7 Network Management Protocols (SNMP, NetFlow, sFlow)
5-8 Network Virtualization (VXLAN, NVGRE)
6 Security
6-1 Network Security Concepts
6-2 Firewall Technologies
6-3 Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDSIPS)
6-4 VPN Technologies (IPsec, SSLTLS)
6-5 Access Control Lists (ACLs)
6-6 Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT)
6-7 Secure Shell (SSH) and Secure Copy (SCP)
6-8 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
6-9 Network Access Control (NAC)
6-10 Security Monitoring and Logging
7 Automation and Programmability
7-1 Network Programmability Concepts
7-2 RESTful APIs and NETCONFYANG
7-3 Python Scripting for Network Automation
7-4 Ansible for Network Automation
7-5 Cisco Model Driven Programmability (CLI, NETCONF, RESTCONF, gRPC)
7-6 Network Configuration Management (NCM)
7-7 Network Automation Tools (Cisco NSO, Ansible, Puppet, Chef)
7-8 Network Telemetry and Streaming Telemetry
8 Troubleshooting and Optimization
8-1 Network Troubleshooting Methodologies
8-2 Troubleshooting IP Routing Issues
8-3 Troubleshooting LAN Switching Issues
8-4 Troubleshooting WAN Connectivity Issues
8-5 Troubleshooting Network Services (DNS, DHCP, NTP)
8-6 Troubleshooting Network Security Issues
8-7 Performance Monitoring and Optimization
8-8 Network Traffic Analysis (Wireshark, tcpdump)
8-9 Network Change Management
9 Emerging Technologies
9-1 Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
9-2 Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
9-3 Intent-Based Networking (IBN)
9-4 5G Core Network
9-5 IoT Network Design and Management
9-6 Cloud Networking (AWS, Azure, Google Cloud)
9-7 Edge Computing
9-8 AI and Machine Learning in Networking
2 IP Routing Explained

2 IP Routing Explained

Key Concepts

Static Routing

Static Routing involves manually configuring routes on a router. This method requires network administrators to specify the path for each network destination. Static routes are ideal for small networks or specific scenarios where the network topology is stable and predictable.

For example, in a small office with two routers, an administrator might configure a static route on Router A to send traffic destined for the network 192.168.2.0/24 through Router B. This ensures that all traffic to that network follows the specified path.

Dynamic Routing

Dynamic Routing involves using routing protocols to automatically share and update routing information between routers. This method adapts to changes in the network topology, such as link failures or new network segments, without manual intervention.

For instance, in a large enterprise with multiple routers, using the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol allows routers to dynamically exchange routing information. If a link between two routers fails, OSPF will automatically recalculate the best path, ensuring continuous connectivity.

Examples and Analogies

Consider a city with multiple roads connecting different neighborhoods. Static Routing is like having a map that tells you to always take a specific route to reach a particular neighborhood. This works well if the roads are reliable and there are no unexpected changes.

Dynamic Routing, on the other hand, is like having a GPS system that constantly updates based on real-time traffic conditions. If a road is blocked, the GPS will automatically suggest an alternative route, ensuring you reach your destination efficiently.

Conclusion

Understanding Static and Dynamic Routing is crucial for designing and managing enterprise networks. Static Routing provides control and simplicity in stable environments, while Dynamic Routing offers flexibility and adaptability in complex and changing networks. By mastering these concepts, network administrators can ensure efficient and reliable data transmission across their infrastructure.