9.4 5G Core Network Explained

Key Concepts

• 5G Core Network Architecture
• Control Plane and User Plane
• Network Functions
• Service-Based Architecture (SBA)
• Network Slicing
• Interoperability with 4G LTE
• Security in 5G Core
• Deployment Models

5G Core Network Architecture

The 5G Core Network is the central part of the 5G network infrastructure, responsible for managing and controlling the network functions. It is designed to be more flexible, scalable, and efficient than previous generations. The architecture is based on a cloud-native, microservices-based approach, enabling faster deployment and easier updates.

Control Plane and User Plane

The 5G Core Network is divided into two main planes: the Control Plane and the User Plane. The Control Plane handles signaling and control functions, such as session management and mobility. The User Plane is responsible for data transmission and forwarding, ensuring efficient and reliable data delivery to end-users.

Network Functions

Network Functions (NFs) are the building blocks of the 5G Core Network. Key NFs include the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), and Policy Control Function (PCF). Each NF performs specific tasks to ensure seamless connectivity and service delivery.

Service-Based Architecture (SBA)

Service-Based Architecture (SBA) is a key feature of the 5G Core Network. It allows network functions to be exposed as services, enabling dynamic and flexible interactions between different functions. SBA promotes scalability, resilience, and easier integration of new services and applications.

Network Slicing

Network Slicing is a revolutionary feature of the 5G Core Network that allows the creation of multiple virtual networks on a single physical infrastructure. Each network slice can be customized to meet specific requirements, such as latency, bandwidth, and security, enabling diverse use cases like enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable low-latency communications, and massive machine-type communications.

Interoperability with 4G LTE

The 5G Core Network is designed to interoperate with existing 4G LTE networks. This ensures a smooth transition for users and operators, allowing for dual connectivity and seamless handover between 4G and 5G networks. The Non-Standalone (NSA) and Standalone (SA) deployment models facilitate this interoperability.

Security in 5G Core

Security is a critical aspect of the 5G Core Network. Enhanced security features include improved authentication mechanisms, secure access to network functions, and protection against various threats. The 5G Core Network also supports end-to-end encryption and secure communication between network functions.

Deployment Models

The 5G Core Network supports multiple deployment models, including cloud-based, on-premises, and hybrid models. Cloud-based deployments leverage cloud infrastructure for scalability and flexibility, while on-premises deployments provide control and customization. Hybrid models combine the benefits of both approaches, offering a balanced solution for different use cases.

Examples and Analogies

Consider a large office building where the 5G Core Network is like the central management system that controls all operations. The Control Plane is like the management team that handles administrative tasks, while the User Plane is like the delivery staff that ensures goods reach their destinations efficiently.

Network Functions are like different departments (e.g., HR, IT, logistics) that perform specific tasks. Service-Based Architecture is like a modular approach where each department can be accessed as a service, enabling flexible interactions. Network Slicing is like creating separate zones within the building, each tailored to specific needs (e.g., high-security areas, high-traffic zones).

Interoperability with 4G LTE is like ensuring that the building can accommodate both modern and legacy systems, allowing for a smooth transition. Security in the 5G Core is like implementing advanced security measures (e.g., biometric access, surveillance) to protect the building and its occupants.

Deployment Models are like different ways of organizing the building's infrastructure, whether centralized (cloud-based), decentralized (on-premises), or a combination of both (hybrid).

Insightful Content

Understanding the 5G Core Network is crucial for network engineers aiming to achieve the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) certification in Enterprise Infrastructure. By mastering the architecture, functions, and deployment models of the 5G Core Network, engineers can design and implement robust, scalable, and secure 5G networks. This knowledge is essential for staying ahead in the rapidly evolving field of telecommunications and ensuring seamless connectivity and service delivery in the 5G era.