Science for Grade 2
1 Introduction to Science
1-1 What is Science?
1-2 Importance of Science in Everyday Life
1-3 Basic Scientific Tools and Equipment
2 The Living World
2-1 Living and Non-Living Things
2-2 Characteristics of Living Things
2-3 Plants
2-3 1 Parts of a Plant
2-3 2 Functions of Plant Parts
2-3 3 Types of Plants
2-4 Animals
2-4 1 Types of Animals
2-4 2 Characteristics of Different Animals
2-4 3 Animal Habitats
3 The Human Body
3-1 Parts of the Human Body
3-2 Functions of Body Parts
3-3 Basic Needs of Humans
3-4 Health and Hygiene
4 The Earth and Beyond
4-1 The Earth
4-1 1 Earth’s Surface
4-1 2 Land and Water Forms
4-2 The Sky
4-2 1 Sun, Moon, and Stars
4-2 2 Day and Night
4-2 3 Weather and Seasons
5 Materials and Their Properties
5-1 Types of Materials
5-2 Properties of Materials
5-3 Changes in Materials
5-4 Recycling and Conservation
6 Forces and Motion
6-1 What is a Force?
6-2 Types of Forces
6-3 Motion
6-4 Simple Machines
7 Energy and Its Forms
7-1 What is Energy?
7-2 Types of Energy
7-3 Sources of Energy
7-4 Energy Conversion
8 Simple Experiments and Observations
8-1 Importance of Experiments
8-2 Basic Scientific Method
8-3 Simple Experiments to Observe Scientific Concepts
9 Safety in Science
9-1 Importance of Safety
9-2 Safety Rules in the Science Lab
9-3 Handling Equipment and Materials Safely
The Human Body

The Human Body

1. The Skeleton

The skeleton is the framework of our body. It provides support, protects our internal organs, and allows us to move. The skeleton is made up of bones, which are connected by joints. The main parts of the skeleton include the skull, spine, ribs, and limbs.

Imagine the skeleton as the frame of a house. Just as the frame holds the house together, the skeleton holds our body together and keeps it strong.

2. The Muscles

Muscles are the tissues in our body that help us move. They work with our bones to create movement. There are three types of muscles: skeletal muscles, which are attached to bones and help us move; smooth muscles, which are found in our organs and help them function; and cardiac muscles, which are found in the heart and help it pump blood.

Think of muscles like the strings of a puppet. When you pull the strings, the puppet moves. Similarly, when our muscles contract, they pull on our bones and make us move.

3. The Nervous System

The nervous system is the control center of our body. It sends messages between the brain and the rest of the body. The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. The brain is like the boss, sending orders to different parts of the body through the spinal cord and nerves.

Imagine the nervous system as a telephone network. Just as a telephone network connects different phones, the nervous system connects different parts of our body to the brain, allowing us to think, feel, and move.