Science for Grade 2
1 Introduction to Science
1-1 What is Science?
1-2 Importance of Science in Everyday Life
1-3 Basic Scientific Tools and Equipment
2 The Living World
2-1 Living and Non-Living Things
2-2 Characteristics of Living Things
2-3 Plants
2-3 1 Parts of a Plant
2-3 2 Functions of Plant Parts
2-3 3 Types of Plants
2-4 Animals
2-4 1 Types of Animals
2-4 2 Characteristics of Different Animals
2-4 3 Animal Habitats
3 The Human Body
3-1 Parts of the Human Body
3-2 Functions of Body Parts
3-3 Basic Needs of Humans
3-4 Health and Hygiene
4 The Earth and Beyond
4-1 The Earth
4-1 1 Earth’s Surface
4-1 2 Land and Water Forms
4-2 The Sky
4-2 1 Sun, Moon, and Stars
4-2 2 Day and Night
4-2 3 Weather and Seasons
5 Materials and Their Properties
5-1 Types of Materials
5-2 Properties of Materials
5-3 Changes in Materials
5-4 Recycling and Conservation
6 Forces and Motion
6-1 What is a Force?
6-2 Types of Forces
6-3 Motion
6-4 Simple Machines
7 Energy and Its Forms
7-1 What is Energy?
7-2 Types of Energy
7-3 Sources of Energy
7-4 Energy Conversion
8 Simple Experiments and Observations
8-1 Importance of Experiments
8-2 Basic Scientific Method
8-3 Simple Experiments to Observe Scientific Concepts
9 Safety in Science
9-1 Importance of Safety
9-2 Safety Rules in the Science Lab
9-3 Handling Equipment and Materials Safely
Energy Conversion

Energy Conversion

1. What is Energy Conversion?

Energy conversion is the process of changing energy from one form to another. This happens all around us and is essential for many everyday activities. For example, when you turn on a light, electrical energy is converted into light energy.

Imagine energy conversion as changing the color of a toy. Just like you can change a toy's color with paint, energy can change its form through conversion.

2. Electrical Energy to Light Energy

When you turn on a light bulb, electrical energy from the power source is converted into light energy. The electricity flows through the filament in the bulb, causing it to heat up and glow, producing light.

Think of this conversion as a magic wand that turns electricity into light. Just like a wand can make things glow, a light bulb can turn electricity into bright light.

3. Chemical Energy to Thermal Energy

When you burn wood in a fireplace, the chemical energy stored in the wood is converted into thermal energy, or heat. The wood reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light, warming the room.

Imagine this conversion as a matchstick that turns wood into warmth. Just like a match can start a fire, burning wood can turn chemical energy into heat.

4. Mechanical Energy to Electrical Energy

When you pedal a bicycle generator, the mechanical energy from your pedaling is converted into electrical energy. The generator uses the movement to create electricity, which can power small devices.

Think of this conversion as a spinning top that turns movement into electricity. Just like a top can spin and create energy, pedaling a bike can generate electricity.

5. Light Energy to Chemical Energy

During photosynthesis, plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in glucose. This process allows plants to grow and produce food.

Imagine this conversion as a plant that turns sunlight into food. Just like a plant can use sunlight to grow, it can also turn light energy into chemical energy.

6. Thermal Energy to Mechanical Energy

In a steam engine, thermal energy from burning fuel is converted into mechanical energy. The heat turns water into steam, which then pushes a piston, causing the engine to move.

Think of this conversion as a hot air balloon that turns heat into movement. Just like a balloon can rise with hot air, a steam engine can turn heat into motion.

7. Sound Energy to Electrical Energy

When you speak into a microphone, the sound energy from your voice is converted into electrical energy. The microphone captures the vibrations and turns them into an electrical signal that can be amplified or recorded.

Imagine this conversion as a magic mirror that turns sound into electricity. Just like a mirror can reflect light, a microphone can turn sound into electrical energy.