3-1-1 Symmetrical Balance Explained

Key Concepts Related to Symmetrical Balance

Symmetrical balance, also known as formal balance, is a compositional technique where elements are mirrored around a central axis. This creates a sense of equilibrium and harmony. Key concepts include the central axis, mirrored elements, and the visual weight of each side.

Explanation of Each Concept

1. Central Axis

The central axis is an imaginary line that divides the composition into two equal halves. This line can be vertical, horizontal, or diagonal, depending on the design. In symmetrical balance, elements on one side of the axis are mirrored on the other side.

2. Mirrored Elements

Mirrored elements are identical or nearly identical components placed on either side of the central axis. These elements create a sense of symmetry and balance. For example, in a portrait, the left and right sides of the face are often symmetrical.

3. Visual Weight

Visual weight refers to the perceived importance or dominance of an element within the composition. In symmetrical balance, both sides of the composition should have equal visual weight, ensuring that neither side appears heavier or more dominant.

Examples and Analogies

Consider the work of Leonardo da Vinci's "Vitruvian Man." The figure is perfectly centered within a circle and square, creating a symmetrical balance. The placement of the arms and legs on either side of the central axis ensures that the visual weight is evenly distributed.

Another example is the architecture of ancient Greek temples. The columns and structures on either side of the central axis are mirrored, creating a sense of symmetry and balance. This architectural style conveys a sense of order and harmony.

Think of symmetrical balance as a seesaw. For the seesaw to be balanced, both sides must have equal weight. Similarly, in symmetrical balance, both sides of the composition must have equal visual weight to create a balanced and harmonious design.